分類： 行政公告
來源： 學務處衛生保健組 - 吳星穎 - carmier@gms.ndhu.edu.tw - 電話8906252
對象： 全校教職員_全校教師_全校職員_全校學生
標題： Preventing Malaria and Mosquito-Borne Diseases
日期： Tue, 18 Mar 2025 17:33:17 +0800
附檔： Fight Malaria (1).png (462 KB)   

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     Preventing Malaria and Mosquito-Borne Diseases
As temperatures rise, mosquitoes are appearing in swarms—not only causing discomfort with their bites but also spreading diseases. Recent intermittent rainfall has further created ideal breeding grounds for mosquito larvae (wrigglers), leading to increased mosquito populations.

Understanding Malaria
Malaria is a Category II notifiable infectious disease caused by Plasmodium parasites and transmitted through the bite of infected Anopheles mosquitoes. It remains a major global public health issue.

After infection, the incubation period typically lasts 7 to 30 days. In the early stages, symptoms may resemble a common cold. However, when classical clinical symptoms appear, the disease follows a three-phase cycle within 6 to 10 hours:

Chills and shivering – The patient experiences sudden coldness and uncontrollable shaking.
High fever – Body temperature rises rapidly, often exceeding 39°C (102°F).
Profuse sweating – As the fever subsides, excessive sweating occurs.
Without prompt treatment, malaria can lead to severe complications or even death.

Endemic Regions
Malaria is primarily found in tropical and some subtropical regions, including:

Africa
Central and South America
Southeast Asia and South Asia
Pacific Island nations
Currently, around 90 countries remain at risk for malaria transmission.

How to Prevent Malaria: The ABCD Approach
Since malaria prevention is not 100% effective, multiple strategies must be employed. The key prevention measures are summarized by the ABCD principles:

Aware – Understand the risk of malaria in your travel destination, including the incubation period and key symptoms.

Bitten – Prevent mosquito bites, as this is the primary defense against malaria.

Avoid outdoor activities from dusk to dawn when malaria-transmitting mosquitoes are most active.
Use DEET-containing mosquito repellent (apply sunscreen first, then repellent).
Sleep under insecticide-treated (permethrin) mosquito nets.
Wear light-colored, long-sleeved clothing when outdoors.
Stay in accommodations with window screens, proper sanitation, or air conditioning.
Chemoprophylaxis – Take antimalarial medication correctly before, during, and after travel as prescribed.

Physicians will select appropriate medication based on drug resistance patterns, trip duration, and medical history.
Diagnosis – If fever develops within 7 days of entering or up to 3 months after returning from a malaria-endemic area, seek immediate medical attention and inform healthcare providers about your recent travel history.

Your health and safety are our priority.

Brought to you by the School Health and Wellness Office.

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